Fig. 1

Planets task. Participants viewed a low stakes or high stakes cue followed by a series of eight target trials. In this example, participants were instructed to press a button for go trials (planets with craters) and withhold a response for no-go trials (planets with stripes). Correct responses were rewarded with $1.00 in high stakes and $0.20 in low stakes. Incorrect responses incurred a loss of $0.50 for high stakes and $0.10 for low stakes. Performance-contingent feedback was displayed at the end of a block