Fig. 3
Measurement of GPC1 mRNA in pancreatic AsPC-1 and HPDE6-C7 cell lines. a Representative live cell image of GPC1 mRNA in AsPC-1 and HPDE6-C7 cell lines using lipoplex nanoparticles containing molecular beacon (LN–MB), lipoplex nanoparticles containing catalyzed hairpin DNA circuit (LN–HDC), lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles containing molecular beacon (LPHN–MB), and lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles containing catalyzed hairpin DNA circuit (LPHN–CHDC), respectively (inside upper left, zoomed phase contrast image of individual cell). b Fluorescence intensity of AsPC-1 cells (signal) and HPDE6-C7 cells (control) treated with LN–MB, LN–CHDC, LPHN–MB, and LPHN–CHDC, respectively. c Fluorescence signal amplification capability of LN–CHDC, LPHN–MB, and LPHN–CHDC relative to LN–MB based on cell-associated fluorescence of AsPC-1 cells. d Signal-to-background ratios of LN–MB, LN–CHDC, LPHN–MB, and LPHN–CHDC (signal represents fluorescence intensity of AsPC-1 cell; background represents fluorescence intensity of HPDE6-C7 cell). e A scale of negative C t value shown for KRAS G12D expression in AsPC-1 and HPDE6-C7 cells, where a higher number represents higher expression and vice versa. f Representative live cell image of KRAS G12D in AsPC-1 or HPDE6-C7 cell lines using LPHN–CHDC (inside upper left, zoomed phase contrast image of individual cell). Data represent mean ± s.d., n = 3, three technical replicates
