Fig. 1
Discovery of new proteins localized to the apical complex in T. gondii. a Comparisons for known proteins previously localized to the apical complex (left), new hypothetical proteins predicted (middle), and proteins identified to be at the apical complex (right). Patterns based on expression pattern during the cell cycle49. Known proteins included: RNG119, RNG220, AKMT50, MyoH11, CaM1, CaM2, CaM323, MLC3, MLC5, MLC711, SAS6L39. b Workflow used for identification, confirmation, and functional analysis of new apical proteins with protein numbers shown at each step. a, b See also Supplementary Table 1 and Supplementary Figs. 1, 2. c Super-resolution imaging of the essential protein CPH1 at the conoid. IFA was performed with mouse anti-Ty (green), rat anti-HA (red), and rabbit anti-MLC1 (blue) followed by secondary antibodies conjugated to Alexa Fluor dyes. Scale bar = 1 µm. d Localization of CPH1 at the apical complex by immunoelectron microscopy. Red arrows indicate distribution of gold particles along the microtubules. Scale bar = 100 nm. c, d Extracellular parasites were stimulated with 3 μm A23187 for 10 min to extend the conoid prior to processing. Images are representative of three or more experiments with similar outcomes. e Conservation of CPH1 and the apical complex in apicomplexan parasites. CPH1 orthologs (Supplementary Table 1 lists genes and species names) were used to generate the dendrogram shown (left). The chart summarizes the presence (+) and absence (−) of the conoid or polar ring2 and ankyrin repeats in CPH1 (present study)
