Fig. 4

Ankyrin repeats target CPH1 to the conoid and are critical for function. a Model of CPH1 complementation constructs. The ankyrin repeat 1 (48–91) or ankyrin repeat 2 (429–463) were deleted from the wild-type copy CPH1-Ty to create copies of CPH1^∆ank1-Ty and CPH1^∆ank2-Ty, respectively. b Expression of stable complementing lines in the CPH1-AID line. Localization by IFA (left) following culture in ±IAA for 24 h, scale bar = 2 µm. Red arrows point to the partial conoid localization of CPH1^∆ank1-Ty. Plaque formation (right) following growth in ±IAA for 7 days (right). Scale bar = 0.5 cm. c Transient expression of CPH1^∆ank2-Ty, the CPH1-AID line. Localization as in b. d Conoid integrity in extracellular parasites examined by negative staining and TEM. Parasites were grown in ±IAA for 40–44 h, collected, and stimulated with 3 µM A23187 for 10 min to protrude the conoid. Scale bar = 250 nm. b–d Representative of three or more experiments with similar outcomes