Fig. 2

CKAMP44 modulates synaptic short-term plasticity in retinogeniculate synapses. a The PPR is increased in retinogeniculate synapses of CKAMP44^−/− mice (n = 20 for relay neurons of wildtype and 18 for relay neurons of CKAMP44^−/− mice, mean ± SEM, 300 ms inter-stimulus interval: t-test; 10–1000 ms inter-stimulus interval: Mann–Whitney test). b There is no significant change in the PPR in corticogeniculate synapses of CKAMP44^−/− mice (n = 25 for relay neurons of wildtype and 22 for relay neurons of CKAMP44^−/− mice, mean ± SEM, 300 ms and 3000 ms inter-stimulus interval: t-test, 10, 30, 100, and 1000 ms inter-stimulus interval: Mann–Whitney test). A schematic representation of RG and CG synapse activation with localization of stimulation pipettes is shown on the left of a, b. Example traces of pairs of currents that were evoked with two extracellular stimulations with different inter-pulse intervals (30, 100, 300, 1000, and 3000 ms) are shown in the middle. c The steady-state amplitude of synaptic currents is reduced in CKAMP44^−/− mice when stimulating retinogeniculate synapses ×40 at 3.3 or 10 Hz (1 Hz; n = 25 for relay neurons of wildtype and 22 for relay neurons of CKAMP44^−/− mice, 3.3 Hz; n = 31 for relay neurons of wildtype and 24 for relay neurons of CKAMP44^−/− mice, 10 Hz; n = 33 for relay neurons of wildtype and 27 for relay neurons of CKAMP44^−/− mice). The amplitudes were normalized to the amplitude of the first current (mean ± SEM, steady state EPSC amplitudes with 1 Hz stimulation: Mann–Whitney test, other data: t-tests). Example trace of 40 EPSCs evoked by stimulation of retinogeniculate synapses with 10 Hz are shown on the left and a double-exponential fit of the current amplitudes of the same data in the middle. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001