Fig. 7
From: A neural basis for antagonistic control of feeding and compulsive behaviors
Photostimulation of PVHSim1 neurons induces grooming behavior and competes with fast-refeeding, and inhibition increases feeding and reduces stress-induced grooming. a Experimental schematic. b ChR2-EYFP expression in PVHSim1 neurons and optical fiber implantation (opt. fib. trace, arrow) above PVH. Scale bar = 300 µm. c Grooming time before (pre-light), during (light-on), and after (post-light) 5 Hz, 10 ms photostimulation of PVHSim1-ChR2 neurons in Sim1-Cre (n = 4) and Sim1-Cre::Vglut2 flox/flox (n = 4) mice. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test (interaction F [2, 12] = 10.77, P = 0.0021; genotype F [1, 6] = 2.265, P = 0.1831; light F [2, 12] = 30.2, P < 0.0001; subjects (matching) F [6, 12] = 2.514, P = 0.0821. Sim1-Cre [pre-light vs. light-on] ***p < 0.0005; Sim1-Cre::Vglut2 flox/flox [pre-light vs. light-on] *p < 0.05; Sidak’s multiple comparisons: Sim1-Cre vs. Sim1-Cre::Vglut2 flox/flox [light-on] **p < 0.005). d Time spent feeding after a fast during alternating, 1 min-light off/on events in Sim1-Cre (n = 4) and Sim1-Cre::Vglut2 flox/flox (n = 4) mice (light-on = 5 Hz, 10 ms). e Time spent grooming in the same experiment. d, e Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test d, interaction F [10, 60] = 4.594, P < 0.0001; light F [10, 60] = 4.265, P = 0.0002; genotype F [1, 6] = 15.95, P = 0.0072; subjects (matching) F [6, 60] = 5.389, P = 0.0002. Sim1-Cre [first light-off vs. On-1, On-2, On-3, On-4, On-5] **p < 0.005; Sim1-Cre::Vglut2 flox/flox [first light-off vs. last light-on] *p < 0.05; (first light-off vs. last light-off) ***p < 0.0005. e, interaction F [10, 60] = 5.418, P < 0.0001; light F [10, 60] = 3.68, P = 0.0007; genotype F [1, 6] = 12, P = 0.0134; subjects (matching) F [6, 60] = 3.74, P = 0.0032. Sim1-Cre (first light-off vs. On-1) **p < 0.005; (first light-off vs. On-2, On-3, On-4, On-5) ***p < 0.0005). f Silencing PVHSim1-iC++ neurons with blue light blocks action potentials induced by depolarizing current injection. g 30 min food intake during optical inhibition of PVH with blue light in Sim1-Cre::GFP control and iC++ mice. h Time spent grooming during 15 min of mock inhibition following no acute stress in the same mice. i Time spent grooming during 15 min of blue-light inhibition following 10 min of immobilization stress in the same mice. g–i Two-tailed Student's t-tests. g t = 6.715, df = 8, ***p = 0.0002; h t = 1.415, df = 8, p = 0.1948; i t = 3.855, df = 8, **p = 0.0048
