Fig. 3

Cell viability assay of LIVE/DEAD cell staining and CCK8. a–c Live/dead/merge pictures for PDA/RGD-SG/PCL. d–f Live/dead/merge pictures for PDA/RGD-MG/PCL. g–i Live/dead/merge pictures for PDA/RGD-PCL. j–l Live/dead/merge pictures for PCL. The scale bar is 50 μm. m Cytotoxicity assay for 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 4% SG/PCL at different time points. n Cytotoxicity assay for 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 4% SG/PCL at different time points. *p < 0.05 compared with 0.1% SG(MG)/PCL; #p < 0.05 compared with 0.5% SG(MG)/PCL; Δp < 0.05 compared with 2% SG(MG)/PCL. фp < 0.05 compared with 4% SG(MG)/PCL. o CCK8 assay for five groups. p Relative cell viability by live and dead staining. All data are displayed as mean ± standard deviation. *p < 0.05 compared with PDA/RGD-PCL; #p < 0.05 compared with PCL; Δp < 0.05 compared with TCP (the statistical test is ANOVA)