Fig. 2

Chi3l1 KO T cells are hyper-responsive to TcR stimulation. a, b MACS-sorted WT and Chi3l1 KO naïve CD4 T cells were activated by plate-bound anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies for 3 days. IFNγ and IL-4 expression level was analyzed by flow cytometry. c IFNγ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-17 cytokine production in the CD4 T cell culture supernatant was measured by ELISA. d IFNγ and TNFα cytokine production in the CD8 T cell culture supernatant was measured by ELISA. e Proportion of proliferating CD4 T cells were analyzed by CFSE assay. f Percentages of proliferating and non-proliferating cells were analyzed by gating on histogram. g Phosphorylated Erk, Akt, STAT1, STAT5 were analyzed by Western blotting. h Relative densitometric analysis of Western blots was represented as normalized to β-actin. Data are mean ± SD of three sets of independent experiments (n = 6). n.s., not significant; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (two-tailed Student’s t-test)