Fig. 1
From: An evolutionary NS1 mutation enhances Zika virus evasion of host interferon induction
ZIKV non-structural proteins inhibit IFN-β production through the RIG-I pathway. a Schematics of the RIG-I mediated IFN-β production pathway. b IFN-β promoter luciferase activity assay. HEK-293T cells were co-transfected with IFN-β promoter firefly luciferase reporters, renilla luciferase plasmid, ZIKV non-structural protein-encoding plasmid or empty control plasmid, and stimulating plasmids RIG-I-(2CARD) (b), MAVS (c), IKKε (d), TBK1 (e), or IRF3/5D (f). All viral proteins were cloned from the pre-epidemic, Cambodian strain ZIKV (FSS13025) isolated from a patient in 2010. Data were normalized first by renilla luciferase values, and then normalized by none stimulated samples to obtain fold induction. Empty vector samples were set as 100% fold induction. Error bars represent mean ± SD. Results are representative of three independent experiments with each one in triplicate. Statistical significance was determined by Student’s two-sided t-test, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, or no significance (n.s.). Protein expression levels using western blot are shown below each panel. The original uncropped blots can be found in Supplementary Fig. 4
