Fig. 3
From: Active sites of copper-complex catalytic materials for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction
XRD and SEM characterizations of the three catalyst materials before and after electrolysis. XRD patterns of a HKUST-1, b [Cu(cyclam)]Cl2, and c CuPc before and after electrocatalysis. The background diffraction patterns are from carbon paper substrates. SEM images of the d, g HKUST-1, e, h [Cu(cyclam)]Cl2, and f, i CuPc catalyst materials d–f before and g–i after electrocatalysis. Scale bars: d, e, g, h 200 nm and f, i 100 nm
