Fig. 3

TRIM56 mono-ubiquitinates cGAS. a, b HEK293T cells were transfected with the indicated plasmids. Twenty-four hours after transfection, whole-cell lysates (WCLs) were used for immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting, as indicated. c WCLs from L929 cell lines were used for immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting, as indicated. d Immunoblot analysis of the in vitro ubiquitination with the indicated combinations of ubiquitin, purified cGAS, E1, UbcH5 E2 enzymes, and TRIM56 (E3). Data in a, b are representative of three independent experiments. Data in c, d are representative of two independent experiments. Full blots are shown in Supplementary Fig. 10