Fig. 5

Continuous-wave operation. a Voltage–current density (V–J) and power–current density (L–J) characteristics measured in continuous-wave mode and at different heat-sink temperatures, for a representative wire laser having η = 0.95 and an average sinusoidal cavity width of 45 µm. Optical power scales were corrected to account for the detector collection efficiency and the absorption of the polyethylene cryostat window. Inset: V–J and L–J characteristics measured in continuous-wave mode and at 10 K, for a representative Fabry–Perot (FP) edge-emitting wire laser fabricated from the same semicondictor heterostructure wafer and having a width of 45 µm and a cavity length of 1.1 mm. b Far-field intensity pattern of the device in a, measured at a distance of 8 cm from the laser surface. c–e Simulation of the far-field emission intensity profile of the emitting optical mode, derived by applying the Stratton-Chu method to the near-field emission of the fundamental mode, for a hole radius r = 5 µm, r = 10 µm, and r = 12 µm. f FTIR emission spectra collected in rapid scan mode at a 0.125 cm⁻¹ resolution and with an internal deuterated triglycine sulfate (DTGS) pyroelectric detector for a set of devices having the same η = 0.95 and different average widths