Fig. 3

High-throughput production of highly monodisperse hexadecane droplets from Dev III-VLSDI. a An optical image of hexadecane droplets with d = 22.5 µm (CV = 3.30%) at Φ_d = 7.30 L h⁻¹. b The droplet diameter could be controlled by varying the flow rate of the dispersed and continuous phase fluids. Droplets were produced over a range of d = 22.5–37.5 μm, all with CV ~3%. The dispersed phase Φ_d is hexadecane and the continuous phase Φ_c is water with 2 wt% Tween 80. Blue: d = 22.5 µm, CV = 3.30%, Φ_d = 7.30 L h⁻¹, Φ_c = 9.20 L h⁻¹; magenta: d = 25.5 µm, CV = 2.30%, Φ_d = 0.40 L h⁻¹, Φ_c = 5.60 L h⁻¹; orange: d = 28.5 µm, CV = 2.92%, Φ_d = 4.00 L h⁻¹, Φ_c = 6.25 L h⁻¹; gray: d = 31.6 µm, CV = 2.62%, Φ_d = 1.00 L h⁻¹, Φ_c = 2.80 L h⁻¹; purple: d = 35.5 µm, CV = 1.93%, Φ_d = 1.08 L h⁻¹, Φ_c = 1.50 L h⁻¹; turquoise: d = 37.5 µm, CV = 1.75%, Φ_d = 1.20 L h⁻¹, Φ_c = 1.40 L h⁻¹