Fig. 1

Effect of vitrification routes on the glass transition and crystallization. a Representative DSC traces at a heating rate of 20 K min⁻¹ for Zr₄₆Cu₄₆Al₈ MGs: ordinary glass produced by melt-spinning technic; vapor-deposited glass films at different rates as denoted below each curve. T_g and T_x are defined from the onset of the transformation as indicated by the intersection of the black lines. b T_g vs. R. The solid line at high R is an exponential fit to the data, at low R the T_g keeps invariant. Inset: T_x vs. R. The error bars indicate the standard deviation of three to five measurements. For comparison, the T_g and T_x with their variation ranges for the ordinary glass are presented by the shaded magenta areas