Fig. 4

Quantitative analysis of surface-dominated K-storage in NCNFs. CV curves of NCNF-650 (a), NCNF-950 (b), and NCNF-1100 (c) at various scan rates of 0.2 to 10 mV s–1. d b value determination. e Contribution of the surface process in the NCNFs at different scan rates. Contribution of the surface process at scan rate of 1 mV s–1 in NCNF-650 (f), NCNF-950 (g), and NCNF-1100 (h)