Fig. 7

Schematic diagram of oligomeric α-synuclein effects on mitochondria. Monomeric α-synuclein interacts with ATP synthase and improves the efficiency of ATP synthesis. Oligomeric α-synuclein also interacts with ATP synthase but conversely, impairs respiration, and depolarises the mitochondria. Oligomers induce ROS production, leading to lipid peroxidation and oxidation of key mitochondrial proteins. Together, these oligomer-induced events open the mitochondrial permeability transition pore