Fig. 7
From: X-ray structure of a carpet-like antimicrobial defensin–phospholipid membrane disruption complex
Fungal cell killing by NaD1 and mutants. a Fungal growth inhibition and estimated IC50. C. albicans (LTUMC001) was incubated with titrations of NaD1 or mutant for 24 h, followed by OD600 measurement to determine fungal growth. Data represent mean ± SEM of four independent experiments, performed in triplicate. *, p < 0.05; ***, p < 0.01, unpaired t-test. b Fungal cell permeabilization by NaD1 on various C. albicans isolates. c Fungal cell permeabilization by mutants in comparison to NaD1. C. albicans at 2.5 × 106 cells/mL in half-strength PDB was incubated with defensins at indicated concentrations. PI uptake was then determined by flow cytometry analysis. Data represent mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001, Two-way ANOVA. d CLSM live imaging of NaD1 and mutants (5 μM) treated C. albicans (LTUMC001), immobilized onto an imaging chamber, in the presence of PI dye. Data are representative of three independent experiments. Scale bars represent 10 μm
