Fig. 2
Southern Ocean productivity and circulation patterns during the last deglaciation. a, c, d Number of Noëlaerhabdaceae, H. carteri and C. leptoporus at site MD07-3088 (/g of sediment), with an error bar of ±1%. b Number of coccoliths at site ODP 1233 (/g of sediment)29. e Summer sea surface temperatures (SST, °C) using the Modern Analogue Technique14, 31. f 14C age difference between paired benthic and planktonic foraminifera (14C B-P)14. g Δ δ13C = δ13C G. bulloides – δ13C C. wuellerstorfi 14. h Opal fluxes at TN057-13-4PC30. i Noëlaerhabdaceae mass (pg) at site MD07-3088 with an error bar of ±3%. j Surface ocean ΔpCO2 reconstruction for ODP 123815. LG and LGIT are for Late Glacial and Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition, respectively. Smoothed curves (thick lines of a–e, g, and i) use a three-point moving average. Yellow shading marks periods of enhanced deep-water ventilation and resumption of SO upwelling during the last deglaciation, in conjunction with higher ocean surface fertility, [CO2aq], and sometimes increased SST conditions
