Fig. 3

Kaplan–Meier plots in the validation cohorts. Kaplan–Meier plots showed OS divided by the survival path system in the internal testing cohort and multicenter testing cohort, respectively, at time slice No.1 (a, b), time slice No.3 (c, d), and time slice No.5 (e, f). Note: nodes of paths with <6 cases in the testing cohorts were regarded unstable and not included in the analysis