Fig. 1

FMRP deficiency leads to hippocampal NSC depletion in mature adult mice. a Sample confocal images of brain sections from 6-month-old WT;Nes-GFP and Fmr1 KO;Nes-GFP mice. Gray, DAPI (4’,6-diamidine-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride); green, GFP. Scale bar, 100 µm. b Sample confocal images used for identifying NSCs (GFP⁺GFAP⁺) and activated NSCs (GFP⁺GFAP⁺MCM2⁺) in the DG of adult Fmr1 KO and WT mice bred onto a Nes-GFP background. Green, GFP; red, MCM2; white, GFAP. Scale bar, 20 µm. White arrowheads, activated NSCs. c, d Quantitative comparison of the number (c) and the density (d, number mm⁻³) of GFP⁺ cells in the DG of 6-month-old adult Fmr1 KO mice and WT littermate controls. e, f Quantitative comparisons of the number of NSCs (e) and percentage of activated NSCs (f) in the DG of Fmr1 KO mice and WT littermate controls. g Sample confocal images of brain sections from cKO;Cre;Ai14 mice and Cre;Ai14 control mice. Gray, DAPI; red, tdTomato (tdT) Scale bar, 100 µm. h Sample confocal images used for identifying NSCs (tdT⁺GFAP⁺) and activated NSCs (tdT⁺GFAP⁺MCM2⁺) in the DG of cKO;Cre;Ai14 mice and Cre;Ai14 control mice. Red, tdT; green, MCM2; white, GFAP. Scale bar, 20 µm. i, j Quantitative comparison of the number (i) and the density (j, number mm⁻³) of tdT⁺ cells in the DG of 6-month-old adult cKO;Cre;Ai14 mice and Cre;Ai14 control mice. k, l Quantitative comparisons of the number of NSCs (k) and percentage of activated NSCs (l) in the DG of cKO;Cre;Ai14 mice and Cre;Ai14 control mice. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Student’s t-tests were used for data analyses. Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m.