Fig. 2
From: Unveiling the bosonic nature of an ultrashort few-electron pulse
Tuning the propagation velocity. a Time-resolved measurements of the electron pulse for different confinement potentials at QPC3 position. The curves have been offset vertically for clarity. b Velocity of the electron pulse as a function of the confinement potential and the corresponding number of channels. Open circles: experimental data, solid lines: parameter-free self-consistent calculation. The blue data points correspond to the situation where the channel selection QPC0 is not activated. The red (green) data are obtained by setting the channel selection QPC0 at a conductance value of G = 2e2 / h (G = 4e2/ h). The red (green) solid line corresponds to the velocity of the fast plasmon mode for a one-channel (two-channel) Tomonaga–Luttinger liquid. The black dashed line corresponds to the non-interacting Fermi liquid. The vertical dotted line indicates the gate voltage at which the velocities of Fig. 3d are taken. The errors bars correspond to the velocity uncertainty and are derived from a linear fit of the QPC distance versus the respective time-of-flight (c.f. Supplementary Note 3)
