Fig. 6

Constitutively active FoxM1 ameliorates mitotic fitness and aging markers in elderly cells. a Movie frames of elderly dividing cells expressing H2B–GFP/α-Tubulin–mCherry (upper panel) and H2B–GFP/α-Tubulin–mCherry + FoxM1-dNdK (lower panel) (Supplementary Movies 5, 6). Time, min:s. Scale bar, 5 µm. b Heatmap of genes within the “mitosis” GO term differentially expressed in mitotic elderly cells transduced with lentiviral empty vector or vector expressing FoxM1-dNdK (2logFC cutoff value < −0.5 and > 0.5, p-value < 0.05, FDR < 5%, Supplementary Data 13). c Venn diagram illustrating the overlap between mitosis genes altered in 87 y, 10 y FoxM1 siRNA-depleted, and 87 y FoxM1-dNdK-expressing fibroblasts (Supplementary Data 14). d Mitotic duration (NEB to anaphase onset) in elderly fibroblasts infected with control and FoxM1-dNdK lentiviruses. e Aneusomy index in interphase FISH. f Chromosome mis-segregation rate in CytoD-FISH. g, h Percentage of cells staining positive for the senescence markers β-galactosidase g and 53BPl/p2l h. i Heatmap of SASP and senescence (CDKN1A, CDKN2A, LMNB1) genes differentially expressed in HDF 87 y and 87 y FoxM1-dNdK (Supplementary Data 15); 2logFCs in red indicate genes behaving differently from expected^{36, 37}. j Heatmap of senescence core signature genes’ expression in 87 y and 87 y FoxM1-dNdK (Supplementary Data 16); 2logFCs in red indicate genes behaving differently from expected³⁷. In all heatmaps, p-value < 0.05; genes represented in columns and technical replicates represented in rows; Z-score column color intensities representing higher (red) to lower (blue) expression. Values are mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Sample size (n) is indicated in each graph. *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, and ****p ≤ 0.0001 by two-tailed Mann–Whitney (d) and χ² (e–h) statistical tests