Fig. 10
From: Persistent structures in a three-dimensional dynamical system with flowing and non-flowing regions
Movement of emergent non-mixing regions through the flowing layer. Emergent non-mixing regions (A1-A3, B1-B3) appear only for \(\epsilon\) > 0 (i.e., non-existent in the PWI model) and their accompanying ‘fingers’ alternate between being fully contained in the flowing layer or in the bulk after each half-iteration for the (45°, 45°) protocol. Views from below of a the hemispherical shell and b the planar flowing layer for \(\epsilon\) = 0.15. Labels of periodic regions illustrate changes in orientation. Animations are provided in Supplementary Movie 2. Arrows in b indicate the direction of flow in the flowing layer
