Fig. 2
Results of the proxy-phenotype analyses. Notes: a Manhattan plot for educational attainment (EA) associations (n = 363,502). The x axis is the chromosomal position, and the y axis is the significance on a −log10 scale (two-sided). The black dashed line shows the suggestive significance level of 10−5 that we specified in our preregistered analysis plan. Black and magenta crosses identify EA-associated lead-SNPs that are also associated with SZ at nominal or Bonferroni-adjusted significance levels, respectively. b Q–Q plot of the 506 EA-associated SNPs for schizophrenia (SZ) (n = 34,409 cases and n = 45,670 controls). SNPs with concordant effects on both phenotypes are pink, and SNPs with discordant effects are blue. SNPs outside the grey area (21 SNPs) pass the Bonferroni-corrected significance threshold that corrects for the total number of SNPs we tested (P < 0.05/506 = 9.88 × 10−5) and are labelled with their rs numbers. Observed and expected P values are on a −log10 scale. For the sign concordance test: P = 0.40, two-sided
