Fig. 2
Film microstructures and compositions in PEDOT:PSS films. a Two-dimensional grazing incidence wide-angle x-ray scattering (GIWAXS) patterns obtained for 5% ethylene glycol-treated PEDOT:PSS (EG-P) and b crystallized PEDOT:PSS (Crys-P) films. c Vertical and d horizontal GIWAXS profiles of pristine PEDOT:PSS (Pr-P), EG-P, and Crys-P films, where qz and qxy are the perpendicular and parallel wave vector transfers with respect to sample surface, respectively. e, f A schematic illustration of the proposed polymer chain arrangement in the Crys-P film in (e) the c-axis and (f) the b-axis directions. The a-axis direction is perpendicular to the substrate surface (a-axis direction). g X-ray S 2p photoelectron spectra of Pr-P, EG-P, and Crys-P films. The deconvoluted profiles were fitted with two symmetric/asymmetric Gaussian-Lorenzian functions representing sulfur atoms from styrene sulfonate (SS, yellow gradients) and EDOT thiophene (EDOT, navy gradients)
