Fig. 1

Exonic and intronic mutations accumulate in healthy donor and VRC26 B cells. a Diagram of a human heavy chain locus with a rearranged IGHJ6 gene and the IGHJ6 intron amplicon source. b A human heavy chain locus with a rearranged IGHJ3 gene with an example VH + JH/C intron amplicon source indicated. All VH + JH/C VRC26 heavy chain amplicons are of the IGHJ3 rearrangement. c The intronic mutation distribution across a ~550 bp segment directly downstream of the J gene of IGHJ6-rearranged antibodies from healthy donor mBCs (number of sequences (n) = 4796). d Germline divergence of VH + JH/C sequences from naive B cells and mBCs from a healthy donor. Intron divergence is shown (left) as well as the corresponding V gene divergence (right) (Naive Heavy: n = 47,372, Memory Heavy: n = 19,704). e Intron divergence (left) and V gene divergence (right) for VRC26 heavy chains at all longitudinal time points (week 38: n = 78, week 48: n = 240, week 59: n = 193, week 119: n = 30, week 206: n = 20). f Intron divergence (left) and V gene divergence (right) for VRC26 light chains at vall longitudinal time points (week 38: n = 184, week 48: n = 807, week 59: n = 570, week 119: n = 110, week 206: n = 85). Points are colored by point density using the Python Gaussian kernel density estimator function for visualization. Two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test p-values are shown (****p-value ≤ 0.0001, ***p-value ≤ 0.001, **p-value ≤ 0.01, *p-value ≤ 0.05). Center lines on boxplots represent the median, while the box limits represent the upper and lower quartiles and whiskers show the maximum and minimum values