Fig. 3
From: Reconfigurable photoactuator through synergistic use of photochemical and photothermal effects

Photoinduced bending upon photochemical and/or photothermal triggering. a Change of bending angle dα and maximum enhanced temperature as a function of red-light irradiation intensity. The error bars indicate standard deviation for n = 3 measurements. Inset shows the schematic drawing of the measured bending angle and actuation direction in respect to the molecular alignment. b Photochemically induced bending upon subsequent UV and blue light excitations. c Synergistic actuation using subsequent UV and red-light illumination. d Synergistic actuation under simultaneous UV and red-light illumination. e Bending angle change upon different stimuli. Error bars indicate standard deviation for n = 3 measurements. Photographs show the deformation of the same sample upon different illumination. Scale bar: 2 mm. f Schematic drawing of reconfiguration strategy by synergistically using photochemical and photothermal responses