Fig. 1
From: Shockwave generates < 100 > dislocation loops in bcc iron
Punch-out procedure. A primary knocked-on atom with the kinetic energy of 200 keV at time zero moves along the <351> direction to initiate the cascade, with sequence of a subcascade, b thermal spike, c <100> interstitial dislocation loop nucleation, d formation, and e stabilization in the zoom-in region, and f the quenched stage. The snapshots are taken as side-views along the <010> direction of the cubic system, for better view of the <100> dislocation loops. Only the defects are displayed. The red particles stand for interstitial atoms and the blue particles are for vacancies. The black arrow is the eye-guide for the position of the nucleation of the <100> interstitial-type dislocation loops. The pink lines denote <100> dislocation loops and the green lines are for the <111> dislocation loops
