Fig. 7

Scheme illustrating the mechanism of impaired IL-4-induced M2a-subtype MΦ activation in obesity. IL-4/Irs2/Akt pathway was essential for activation of M2a-subtype MΦs, in addition to IL-4/STAT6 pathway. Both pathways were necessary for the full activation of M2a-subtype MΦs (left panel). In obesity, although IL-4/STAT6 pathway was maintained, IL-4/Irs2/Akt pathway was selectively impaired along with decreased Irs2 expression and stabilization of the FoxO1/HDAC3/NCoR1 corepressor complex in MΦs (right panel)