Fig. 4
From: Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for de novo biosynthesis of vitamin B12

Metabolic engineering of vitamin B12 production in E. coli. a Metabolic engineering in E. coli of a de novo vitamin B12 biosynthetic pathway. Five modules are used to synthesize vitamin B12 from glucose in E. coli. b HPLC analysis and c mass spectrometry analysis of vitamin B12 produced by the FH218 strain. d HPLC analysis and e mass spectrometry analysis of vitamin B12 produced by FH219. Adenosylcobalamin was converted to vitamin B12 for detection