Fig. 4

RNA polymerase stalling. a, b Representative single-molecule traces (top) and corresponding molecular events (bottom) for fast (a) and slow (b) RNAP dissociation. 532 nm and 642 nm lasers were used to excite the Cy3 (green) and Cy5 (red) dyes, respectively. c Residence times of the polymerase at the 3’-end of the DNA template before dissociation depends on the identity of the 3′-end. Only residence times < 100 s were used for fitting to a single exponential function and the stalling time is shown in log-scale. Number of molecules analyzed (n) = 79 and 71 for 3 × -terminator and blocked 1 × -terminator, respectively. Constructs and histograms in linear scale are shown in Supplementary Fig. 3. Source data are provided as a Source Data file