Fig. 1

Geometry of adherent RBC EVs. a AFM topography image showing RBC EVs bound on a glass slide. Color scale indicates height. Scale bar length is 1 μm. b Line profile through slow axis of a single vesicle (in black). In solid red: the fitted spherical arc; in dashed red: the approximated vesicle shape after tip correction. c Average shape of vesicles defined by their height (H) over radius of curvature (Rc): 1.44 ± 0.03 (s.e.m., N = 72 vesicles), 1.52 ± 0.07 (s.e.m., N = 55) and 1.02 ± 0.08 (s.e.m., N = 28) for the three donors, respectively. Boxplots are shown in which the center white line indicates median, box limits indicate upper and lower quartiles and whiskers indicate 1.5× interquartile range. Reference shapes are shown in black for H/Rc equals 0.5, 1, and 1.5. d Size distribution of vesicles. R0 is the calculated radius of the vesicle while in solution. Black lines (solid, dashed and dotted for donor 1–3 respectively) show Gaussian fits. Inset shows the size distribution derived from NTA, where Ci is the number concentration in particles per ml. Displayed is the mean (black line) ± s.d. (standard deviation) (gray lines) of three independent measurements. Mean radius of the vesicles is 71 ± 1 nm (s.e.m., 5 movies of 3 separate dilutions)