Fig. 3

Pictures of collapsed EVs and their protein content. a–d AFM topography images showing collapsed EVs. Color scale indicates height. a Flat structure with mean height of about 22 nm. b–d Collapsed EVs exhibiting partly free bilayer (indicated with white asterisks). b Elevated part has mean height of about 26 nm. c, d Collapsed particles showing more complex structures. Scale bar length is 50 nm in all panels. e EV, ghost and RBC proteins were subjected to SDS-PAGE, by loading 10 µg protein per lane. After running, proteins were stained and protein patterns were compared with patterns known from literature. In this way, we were able to identify 9 well-known RBC proteins, which are differentially present in the three samples