Fig. 1

Identification of candidate effector(s) recognized by RPP4. a Flowchart to identify candidate effector(s) recognized by RPP4. In Hpa effectors expressed at 1 dpi in Hpa Emoy2, not-expressed effectors in Hpa Waco9 during infection and effectors that are polymorphic in Hpa Waco9 and identical with or similar to Hpa Emwa1 alleles were selected. Also, Hpa effectors in which polymorphism among 7 different Hpa isolates are consistent with recognition phenotypes by RPP4 were selected. After checking results in previous screening reported by Fabro et al.¹⁵ and Badel et al.¹⁶ and structural features, the candidates tested were identified. b HR cell death phenotypes when the candidates were co-expressed with RPP4 in N. benthamiana. The leaves inoculated with Agrobacterium containing the indicated gene constructs were photographed at 3 dpi. The right one was photographed under UV to facilitate visualization of cell death. c Expression of HaRxL103 in conidiospores (cs) of Hpa Emoy2 and Waco9 and the infections in Arabidopsis Col-0 or Ws-2 eds1-1 mutant. The expression level was determined by qRT-PCR using specific primers for HaRxL103. Expression of Hpa actin was used to normalize the expression value in each sample. Data are means ± SDs from three biological replicates. ND not detectable