Fig. 5
From: A monoclinic polymorph of sodium birnessite for ultrafast and ultrastable sodium ion storage

Structure evolution upon Na intercalation/deintercalation. a In situ XRD patterns collected during the first discharge/charge of the Na/S4 half cell under a current rate of C/10 at a voltage range between 2.0 and 4.0 V. b and c Evolution of the c-lattice parameter and volume during charge/discharge processes. d Crystal structure evolution of the monoclinic H′3/O′3 NaMnO2−y−δ(OH)2y during charge/discharge processes