Fig. 1

In situ mutual inductance measurements of Pb nanomeshes with different coverages. STM topographic images depending on 7 ML Pb coverage varying from 100% to 49% (a–e) and in situ mutual inductance measurements on the corresponding samples (f–j). The real part of the conductivity is a measure of dissipative response, whereas the imaginary part is proportional to the SFD, \(n_s \propto \mu _0\omega Y_2/t \equiv 1/\lambda ^2\) (ref. ⁴⁶). Here, μ₀ is the magnetic permeability, \(\omega\) an angular frequency, \(Y \equiv \left( {\sigma _1 + i\sigma _2} \right)t\) a complex sheet conductivity, t a film thickness, and λ a penetration depth. The scale bars in (a–e) represent 500 nm