Fig. 6

Electrocatalytic performance of e-ICLDH@GDY/NF. a OER CV curves and b corresponding Tafel plots of as-synthesized samples. c Polarization curves of e-ICLDH@GDY/NF and pristine ICLDH/NF, recorded before and after performing 47,000 and 3000 cycles, respectively, of the OER. d OER CV curves and e corresponding Tafel plots for e-ICLDH@GDY/NF, recorded at various temperatures. f Arrhenius plots for the OER performed over e-ICLDH@GDY/NF at various potentials. g HER polarization curves and h corresponding Tafel plots for the as-synthesized samples. i HER polarization curves of e-ICLDH@GDY/NF and pristine ICLDH/NF, recorded before and after 37,000 and 3000 cycles, respectively, of the HER. j Chronopotentiometric curves of e-ICLDH@GDY/NF recorded at 100 and 1000 mA cm–2 for both the OER and HER. k Experimental (solid line) and fitted (dashed line) Nyquist plots for e-ICLDH@GDY/NF (red), ICLDH/NF (green), ILDH/NF (blue), CLDH/NF (magenta), and GDY/NF (orange), respectively; inset: equivalent circuit model. l Capacitive current densities at 0.818 V, plotted with respect to the scan rate, for e-ICLDH@GDY/NF (red) and ICLDH/NF (green)