Fig. 3
Hyperphagia in Napepld∆IEC mice is linked to alterations in Pomc neurons, NAE, and mono-acylglycerols. a HFD intake (Kcal) (n = 17). b Ghrelin and GLP-1 levels (pg ml-1) in the portal vein (n = 7–9). c Relative mRNA expression of Pomc in the hypothalamus (n = 15–17). d Percentage of Pomc and c-Fos positive neurons among Pomc positive neurons in the ARC (n = 7–10) and representative images showing double IF-TSA staining in the ARC (bregma −1,70 mm) (scale bar = 100 μm), magnification 20×. White arrows indicate activated neurons (c-Fos positive, in orange) expressing POMC (in green). e c-Fos positive neurons in the PVN (n = 9–10) and representative bright field images of c-Fos immunohistochemistry in the PVN (bregma −0,58 mm) (scale bar = 200 µm), magnification 10×, black dashed line is delimiting the PVN. f N-acylethanolamines (fmol mg−1) measured in the jejunum (n = 7–9) using Shimadzu 8050 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. g mono-acylglycerols (AG = 1AG + 2AG) (fmol mg−1) measured in the jejunum (n = 7–9). h N-acylethanolamines (fmol μl−1) measured in the portal vein (n = 7–9). i Mono-acylglycerols (AG = 1AG + 2AG) (fmol μl−1) measured in the portal vein (n = 7–9) using Shimadzu 8050 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. a–c and g–j are measured in WT and Napepld∆IEC mice either fasted or after 4 h of HFD intake, d–f are measured in WT and Napepld∆IEC mice after 1 h of ND or HFD intake. Data in a and c correspond to the results of two independent experiments. Dark blue: WT ND mice, light blue: Napepld∆IEC ND mice, red: WT fasted mice, salmon: Napepld∆IEC fasted mice, purple: WT HFD mice and pink: Napepld∆IEC HFD mice. Data are presented as the mean ± s.e.m. Asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference versus WT HFD (P < 0.05) according to Mann–Whitney test. Data with different superscript letters are significantly different (P < 0.05) according to regular two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test
