Fig. 4
EEG multivariate analysis results. For illustrative purposes, box plots show group peak distributions of d values for perceptual and semantic categories during encoding (a; Perceptual peaks: M = 259 ms, SD = 24 ms; Semantic peaks: M = 267 ms, SD = 43 ms) and retrieval (b; Perceptual peaks: M = −1646 ms, SD = 247 ms; Semantic peaks: M = −1772 ms, SD = 177 ms) after averaging peaks within participants. All box plot elements represent the same metrics as in Fig. 2. c Measuring classifier fidelity in terms of d value peaks on a single-trial level allowed us to measure the pairwise time distance between perceptual and semantic peaks during encoding (left panel) and retrieval (right panel). Y-axis represents each individual trial, with trials accumulated across participants. The time distance between classifier peaks (time of perceptual peak minus time of semantic peak on a given trial) is represented on the X-axis. The curved line represents an expected normal distribution. The solid horizontal line indicates the 50% point (half of the trials), and the dashed horizontal line indicates the point where the temporal distance values change sign from perceptual < semantic (blue) to semantic < perceptual (pink)
