Fig. 3

GAPDH controls TNFα production. a Untreated, 6 and 24 h LPS-treated (100 ng/mL) BMDM lysates were assayed for GAPDH enzymatic activity by monitoring product production (1,3 bisphosphoglycerate, 1,3BPG) over time. Representative of three independent experiments. b TNFα protein measured by MSD (mean + SEM, n = 4) and c TNFα mRNA expression in 100 ng/mL LPS-treated BMDMs (6 h), pre-treated with HA or 2-DG. d GAPDH siRNA (72 h, 10 nM) KD in BMDMs, measured by western blotting. Pro-IL1β levels were also measured, and β-actin used as a control. Representative of three independent experiments. e TNFα measured in GAPDH KD BMDMs, treated with LPS (24 h, 100 ng/mL, mean + SEM, n = 3). f TNFα mRNA expression measured by qPCR in LPS-treated GAPDH KD BMDMs. Unpaired t-test, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01