Fig. 5

Resistance acquisition of pathogens during serial passaging in sub-MIC levels of antimicrobials. The y axis is the fold change of MIC. a MRSA (ATCC43300) towards RD22 (MIC = 1 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 2 × MIC), RD53 (MIC = 1 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 1 × MIC), levofloxacin (MIC =  0.5 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 128 × MIC), and vancomycin (MIC = 2 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 2 × MIC). b VRE (ATCC51299) toward RD22 (MIC = 2 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 1 × MIC), RD53 (MIC = 2 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 2 × MIC), linezolid (LZD, MIC = 2 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 64 × MIC), ciprofloxacin (CIP, MIC = 1 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 32 × MIC), and daptomycin (DAP, MIC = 4 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 128 × MIC). c A. baumannii (ATCC19606) toward RD22 (MIC = 4 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 8 × MIC), RD53 (MIC = 4 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 32 × MIC), polymyxin E (PmE, MIC = 1 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 256 × MIC), tigecycline (TGC, MIC = 2 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 32 × MIC), and ciprofloxacin (CIP, MIC = 1 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 256 × MIC), meropenem (MEM, MIC = 1 μg mL⁻¹, tested up to 64 × MIC). Data are representative of three independent experiments. Error bars indicate s.d.