Fig. 2
From: Lack of androgen receptor SUMOylation results in male infertility due to epididymal dysfunction
Effects of AR SUMOylation on peripheral target tissues, sperm motility and fertilizing capacity. a Postnatal growth of ArKI mice and WT mice. Body weights of ArKI mice and WT mice were recorded over a 10-month period. Data presented as mean ± SD of 12 WT and 16 ArKI mice. b Ano-genital distance of ArKI and WT mice at the age of 30 and 60 days (n = 12 WT and 11 ArKI males). c Macroscopic phenotype of testis and accessory sex organs of ArKI male and WT littermate. T: testis, Epid: epididymis, VD: vas deferens, SV: seminal vesicle. Scale bar 1 cm. d Organ weights of ArKI mice and WT mice at the age of 3 months (n = 10 for each genotype). e Sperm motility shown as percentage of sperm with progressive (PM) or nonprogressive motility (NPM) and percentage of immotile sperm (IM) (n = 6 males for each genotype). ***p < 0.001. f In vitro fertilization data represented as percentage of oocytes fertilized by sperm from ArKI mice and WT control mice (n = 6 mice for each genotype). ***p < 0.001. g Analysis of the acrosome reaction presented as percentage of acrosome-reacted spermatozoa after incubation with buffer alone, mouse zona pellucida (ZP) or calcium ionophore (n = 4 mice for each genotype). Boxplot center lines indicate the median and the boxes extend to lower and upper quartiles with whiskers depicting maximum and minimum. p values were determined by two-tailed Student’s t test. AR: androgen receptor, WT: wild type
