Fig. 2

Iminyl radical from anion-radical redox relay. a Pathway for the copper-catalyzed anion-radical redox relay. b The anion-radical redox relay of 1a and 2a in the presence of 2 mol% CuSO4 affords 85% of 3a. c TEMPO inhibits the anion-radical redox was confirmed by the observation of 1a-OTEMP adduct. d No Ullmann-type intramolecular cyclization was observed