Fig. 5

Virtual taphofacies and hotspot analysis in the latest Cretaceous of North America. Kernel density in the Campanian (a) and Maastrichtian (b), with red representing highest-density and blue low-density hotspots. Grey line representing country boundaries overlaid on palaeogeographies. Black dashed line represents sea-level lowstand. Star in a is Dinosaur Provincial Park. Sediment fluxes (cm/ky) calculated using basin drainage tools (see Methods section) in the Campanian (c) and Maastrichtian (d). Surface runoff (mm/s) models overlaid spatially in the Campanian (e) and Maastrichtian (f). Red dots represent dinosaur occurrences (data points in the middle of the Western Interior Seaway are there because they are associated with lowstand phases). Brown and grey colours represent underlying topography of the digital elevation models. Dinosaur skeletons in figure legends redrawn by A.A.C.