Fig. 2
From: Impacts of alkaline on the defects property and crystallization kinetics in perovskite solar cells
Morphology, phase, and carrier lifetime analysis. SEM images for the perovskite films deposited on SnO2-coated ITO glass prepared from the precursor solution with (a) no additive, (b) FAAc, (c) CH3COONa, and (d) NaOH ethanol solution, with a scale bar of 1 μm. e X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern for the perovskite films deposited on SnO2-coated ITO glass prepared from the precursor solution with different alkaline additives. f XRD pattern for the perovskite films with NO additive, MA, and FAAc ethanol solution. g Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) spectra for the perovskite films deposited on glass prepared from the precursor solution with different alkaline additives
