Fig. 2
Mechanical properties of the hydrogels. a The 0.03 NPs-P-PAA hydrogel was elongated to 26 times its initial length and recovered in 2 min. b Tensile loading–unloading curves of 0.03 NPs-P-PAA hydrogel. c The 0.03 NPs-P-PAA hydrogel was compressed and recovered in 2 min. d Compressive loading–unloading curves of 0.03 NPs-P-PAA hydrogel. e Typical tensile stress–strain curves of the hydrogel. f Strength and ductility product of various hydrogels. g Fracture energy of the hydrogels. (Error bar means the standard deviation, *indicates statistically difference at p < 0.05, p value was generated by one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's multiple‐comparison post hoc test, n = 4.) NPs, nanoparticles; P, pectin; PAA, polyacrylic acid
