Fig. 2

Population dynamics between day and night microbial communities. a Day-enriched metagenomic taxa are shown in bar plot as the mean proportion of the community (RA relative abundance; x-axis) for each island during the day (right of zero) and during the night (left of zero) separated vertically by common taxa (>1% of total community, upper axis) and rarer taxa (<1%, lower axis). b Night-enriched metagenomic taxa are shown as common taxa only (>5%, upper x-axis and 1−5%, lower x-axis). Rarer taxa (<1%) significantly enriched during the night are listed in Supplementary Table 2. Error bars depict s.e.m. (standard error of the mean). Asterisks adjacent to Family designations on the y-axis denote level of significance between day and night samples across all islands (N = 48; t-test, FDR adjusted p-value; ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05). c Enrichment of day versus night taxa based on metagenomic sequence alignments to the SSU rRNA gene (x-axis). Mean relative abundance of bacterial taxons at day time points (y-axis). Color gradient depicts significance between day and night samples (N = 48, FDR-corrected p-value, color gradient log10 scaled). d Day/night oscillations of two representative bacterial taxa. Each line represents one replicate reef site at three time points on four islands (N = 48). Gray bars depict night time points. y-axis represents the proportion of community. e Bray–Curtis dissimilarity in community composition between reef microbial populations. Data points (N = 1209) represent a pairwise distance comparison of each sample based on the phylogenetic annotation of SSU rRNA reads extracted from the shotgun sequence libraries. Source data are provided as a Source Data File