Fig. 3
From: Plasmonic IQ modulators with attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption

Optical modulation at elevated temperatures for the device IQ1. Operation temperature (solid red) and EVM (dashed blue) as a function of the operating time. The EVM remains nearly constant and stays around 20% for all temperatures. All measurements at 50 GBd QPSK. More information on measurements M1–M5 can be found in the Supplementary Table 5