Fig. 2

Clustering structure of the H. pylori population varies between individual patients. Representative phylogenetic trees of within-host H. pylori populations displaying different degrees of clustering. Trees were generated as described in the methods (source data are provided as a Source Data file). The time since the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA), expressed in years, is represented by the X axis. Pie charts correspond to the posterior probability distribution of ancestral characters (i.e., likelihood that ancestral lineages originated from antrum: blue, corpus: orange or fundus: green). a Phylogenetic tree of patient 381 isolates showing a well-defined cluster structure. b Phylogenetic tree of patient 24 isolates showing a poorly defined cluster structure