Fig. 3

Fitted model parameters across neurons. a Histogram of the amplitude of the angular modulation for all neurons and for neurons with significant reference-heading (RH)-angle tuning (neurons above the dotted line in Fig. 2b). b Histogram of the angle of the preferred RH direction. c Histogram of the distances of reference points from the center of the enclosure. d Reference points located within the enclosure (square in the center of the panel), in the proximity of the enclosure (dashed square), and at distal locations (collapsed onto a circle of 150 cm diameter). e Density map of reference point locations inside and near the enclosure. The concentration of reference points toward the center of the arena is not statistically significant. f Circular histogram of the direction to reference points at distal locations shows a significant concentration in the S-E direction (outside the 95% conf. interval). reference points within the box do not show any significant anisotropy. g Scatter plot of reference point coordinates (x—top, y—bottom) compared to the coordinates of the centers of the place fields for each neuron. There is no correlation between the locations of the reference points and the place field center of mass for the same neuron